Myopia, commonly referred to as nearsightedness, is an eye condition that is increasingly affecting children around the globe. This growing prevalence is linked to several factors, including excessive screen time, decreased outdoor activities, and a significant genetic predisposition. Today’s children are often indoors, engaging in close-up activities such as reading, using digital devices, and watching television, which can place a strain on their developing eyes. Additionally, limited exposure to natural light has been shown to contribute to the progression of myopia. Genetic factors play a substantial role as well, with children having one or both parents who are myopic facing a higher risk of developing the condition. Dr. Minal Verma, an eye surgeon based in Surat, outlines the signs, symptoms, and potential treatments for myopia in children:
Signs and Symptoms of Myopia in Children
Difficulty Seeing Distant Objects: A child may squint or struggle to see distant items clearly, such as the whiteboard in a classroom or street signs.
Squinting or Eye Strain: Frequent squinting to achieve clarity, particularly when looking at distant objects, can indicate myopia. Children may also report tired or strained eyes after reading or engaging in close-up tasks.
Sitting Too Close to Screens: If a child consistently positions themselves close to the television or holds books and tablets near their face, it could signal nearsightedness.
Frequent Headaches: Prolonged eye strain from trying to focus on distant objects can lead to headaches, especially after extended periods of effort.
Blinking or Rubbing Eyes Often: This behavior may indicate eye discomfort stemming from difficulty in focusing on distant items.
Avoidance of Distance-Related Activities: If a child steers clear of sports or outdoor activities that require good distance vision, it may suggest they are having trouble seeing clearly.
Causes of Myopia in Kids
Genetics: A family history of myopia increases the likelihood that a child will develop it.
Increased Near-Work Activities: Extended periods spent on close-up tasks, such as reading or using screens, can contribute to the onset of myopia.
Lack of Outdoor Time: Research has indicated that reduced outdoor activity correlates with a higher risk of developing myopia, as natural light is essential for normal eye development.
Cure and Treatment for Myopia
Dr. Verma notes that while myopia cannot be completely “cured,” its progression can be managed and slowed through regular daily activities. Here are some effective strategies:
Corrective Lenses:
Glasses: The most common and straightforward way to correct vision in children with myopia. Regular eye examinations are essential for adjusting prescriptions as necessary.
Contact Lenses: Appropriate for older children, contact lenses can provide a broader field of vision and are often preferred for sports and other activities.
Outdoor Time: Encouraging children to spend more time outdoors in natural light has been shown to reduce the risk of myopia and slow its progression. Aim for at least 1-2 hours of outdoor play each day.
Limiting Screen Time: Reducing screen time and ensuring regular breaks during near-work activities can help alleviate eye strain and slow myopia’s advancement.
Early detection and intervention are vital for managing myopia in children, making regular visits to an ophthalmologist highly recommended.
